Grammar

Reporting Speech – Direct to Indirect Speech When reporting what someone else has said, we use the “He/She said” form and change the tense of the speaker. Also, note that the comma is removed when changing from direct to indirect speech. say / said “I need a book.” he said. He said (that) he needed […]

“Used to”: Different ways of usage Not: In the use of “used to”, note that in the first sentence it is used in the PAST (ed) form, in the second sentence it is used in the nominative (use to) form due to the DIDN’T negation suffix, and in the third sentence it is used in

Important Prepositions 3 / As a result of , at the beginning of Some prepositions have the form  prep + noun + prep. We can use prepositional phrases to talk about where the things are. Imagine we are in the factory : The boss stands at the back of the machines, as you can see.

You had better study hard this week.  When we use the verb in its simple form with “had better”, we mean that we want to give advice and say that it is the right thing to do. Had better You had better study hard this week. You had better buy a jacket for the school

Still / We use “still” if something continues or to be true. In English we use “still” if we would like to emphasise that it has not changed or stopped. Still  He still hasn’t sold his car.    I still want to meet new friends from Portugal. I still like my teacher although he scolded me. I

She must be tired.  Must , Can’t In the lessons on modal (auxiliary verbs), we have stated that must is used to express necessity and rules. In this lesson, we will see the meaning of “certainty”. Must / mast / “must” when it comes to the certainty of a situation: She has been studying for

Either …or / neither …nor Either …or: When discussing two alternative options: Neither …nor: When stating that both options are negative or neither of them:

Conditional 2 / İf In English, we make the 2nd form of Second Conditionals, that is, conditional sentences, using “PAST Tense” and “Would”. Unlike the use of If in the 1st form described on the Pre-Intermediate page, here we talk about imaginary situations. 1: If clause and  would + verb If William was here, he